Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that occurs after someone experiences or witnesses a traumatic event. While the condition is most commonly associated with emotional and psychological symptoms such as anxiety, flashbacks, and hypervigilance, it can also have physical manifestations. Among these potential physical symptoms, seizures may be a concern for those living with PTSD. But can PTSD actually cause seizures? Let’s explore the link between these two conditions and what individuals with PTSD need to know.
Understanding PTSD and Seizures
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder that develops after a person experiences or witnesses a life-threatening or deeply disturbing event, such as military combat, sexual assault, a natural disaster, or a serious accident. PTSD can cause a variety of symptoms, including:
- Intrusive memories or flashbacks to the traumatic event
- Nightmares or trouble sleeping
- Hyperarousal, such as being easily startled or feeling “on edge”
- Avoidance of reminders or places linked to the trauma
- Negative mood changes, such as feelings of guilt, shame, or emotional numbness
In terms of its physical impact, PTSD is most often associated with chronic stress, increased heart rate, and other bodily reactions. However, some people with PTSD also report experiencing seizures or seizure-like episodes. These episodes may look similar to traditional seizures, but the cause and underlying mechanism can differ.
Types of Seizures and PTSD
Seizures are typically classified into two broad categories: generalized and focal. Generalized seizures affect both sides of the brain and can cause a loss of consciousness, convulsions, and muscle stiffness. Focal seizures, on the other hand, occur in just one part of the brain and may result in less dramatic symptoms, such as sudden confusion, involuntary movements, or strange sensations.
There are a few different ways PTSD and seizures may be connected, and understanding the relationship between the two can help clarify whether PTSD might directly cause seizures.
Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures (PNES)
One of the most debated topics in the PTSD-seizure connection is Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures (PNES). PNES are seizure-like episodes that are not caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain, but by psychological factors. This means that while the person experiences physical symptoms that resemble a seizure, there is no abnormal brain activity as seen in true epilepsy.
PNES are more common in individuals with PTSD, and researchers believe that the intense stress and trauma associated with PTSD can trigger these episodes. Factors such as emotional distress, flashbacks, or anxiety may cause a physical manifestation in the form of a seizure-like event. While PNES is not a true seizure disorder, it can still be highly distressing and disruptive for individuals with PTSD, leading to confusion and even additional psychological trauma.
Medication Side Effects
Another factor to consider is the role of medications used to treat PTSD. Many people with PTSD are prescribed medications like antidepressants (SSRIs or SNRIs), benzodiazepines, or antipsychotic drugs to manage their symptoms. Some of these medications, especially when used in high doses or combined with other substances, may have side effects that can increase the likelihood of experiencing seizures.
For example, benzodiazepines, which are commonly prescribed for anxiety and sleep disturbances, can cause withdrawal seizures if abruptly discontinued. This may be a consideration if someone with PTSD is going through treatment or tapering off medication.
What Should You Do If You Experience Seizures and PTSD?
If you are living with PTSD and experiencing seizures or seizure-like episodes, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional. Accurate diagnosis is key to understanding whether the episodes are caused by PTSD (such as PNES) or by another underlying condition, such as epilepsy.
Get the Help You Need
Living with PTSD can be overwhelming, especially if you’re also experiencing seizure-like symptoms. But there is hope, and effective treatment options are available. Whether you are dealing with PNES, epilepsy, or other seizure-related concerns, early intervention and appropriate care are essential for managing both conditions.
If you are looking for mental health treatment for PTSD, Launch Centers can help. We specialize in providing comprehensive care for individuals with PTSD and trauma-related conditions. Our multidisciplinary approach includes therapy, medication management, and holistic strategies to address the mind and body as a whole.
If you or a loved one is struggling with PTSD, we are here to help. Contact Launch Centers today to learn more about our PTSD and trauma treatment options.
